Reigi旅遊誌

今天要來釐清的關於英文文法if的用法，相信很多學生都被他搞得昏天暗地的

到底if該如何使用呢？今天不教別的，就好好的將if徹徹底底的認識清楚吧! 

先出個題目考考大家囉 ! Which one is the correct answer? 

If I ______ money enough, I could buy a brand-new lamborghini for my darling. 

1. have   2. if have  3. had  4. if had  

首先，if可以先簡單劃分成四個用法: 

用法一: 

If 子句 (現在式)  +  主要句 (未來式or 祈使句)  → 條件句

Ex1: If it rains tomorrow, I won’t go hiking.  

要是明天下雨，我就不會去健行。

Ex2: If he be here, give it to him. 

 彩虹糖能量補充時間: 

我們可能會在一些較舊的考試卷內看到句子

例如: If the report be true, I will not consider his proposal. 

        If she come tomorrow, take this document to her. 

這邊的 be 和 come 不是應該用 is 和 comes ，這是現代英語用假設法現在式，而代以

直設法現在表示，亦即不用原形動詞表示。所以若再某些試卷上看到用be或come是有這

種用法的! 

用法二 : 對未來有強烈懷疑

If 子句(should + V) + 主要句 (would/could/ should/might+ V) → 萬一

Ex: if it should rain tomorrow, I might just stay home.  

萬一明天下雨了，我會待在家裡。

用法三: 與現在事實相反 → 不可能發生  

If 子句 (過去式) + 主要句 (would / could /should /might +V )

Ex: If I were you, I would accept his proposal.  

要是我是你，我絕對同意這項提案。

用法四: 與過去事實相反 → 不可能發生

If 子句 (過去完成式) + 主要句 (would/could/should/might+ 現在完成式 or would/ could /should/ might +V )

Ex: If I had studied harder in high school, I would have been admitted to a better university.

要是我高中時期認真一點，我就可以進入一個更好的大學。  

用法五: 與「真理」相反 → 不可能發生

If 子句 (were to + V) + 主要句 (would/could/should/might+ V)

Ex: If the sun were to rise in the west, I might be able to help you. 

要是太陽打從西邊出來阿，我就幫你。

但，問題來囉!  _____ I money enough, I could buy a brand-new lamborghini for my darling. 

看得出來這是不同型態的句型，沒錯就是倒裝句。

假設法中的if可以省略有 用法二-四的句子

if it should rain tomorrow, I might just stay at home.

  Should it rain tomorrow, I might just stay at home. 

If I were you, I would accept his proposal.  

  Were I you, I would accept his proposal. 

Ex: If I had studied harder in high school, I would have been admitted to a better university.

  Had I studied harder in high school, I would have been admitted to a better university. 

文末解答! 

If I ______money enough, I could buy a brand-new lamborghini for my darling. 

答案是 3. had !  

若有任何部分需要改善的建議歡迎指教，

倘若要引用此篇文章麻煩請註明引用來源，否則將訴請法律管道予以追究